Federal Minimum Wage Should Be Increased - 1180 Words

Americans have started to come to conclusions that the federal minimum wage is excessively low. The government can stand to help people gain more money, resulting in a less poverty-stricken country. The cost of living or gaining has increased significantly over the past twenty years, and the minimum wage, for most isn t enough for them to support themselves. There have been efforts to increase the federal minimum wage, but none has succeeded in getting approved. Minimum wages are too low for a human, to provide for themselves and others, therefore the federal minimum wage should be increased. Taking a look at the problems facing Americans and how they live may have sprung up from the fact that the federal minimum wage is too low to support anyone, minimum wage is the lowest possible wage permitted by law or by a special agreement. In America, the federal minimum wage is $7.25 an hour for an employer to pay their employees. Not enough to sustain a human, with regular daily functions, such as affording a roof over his or her head, and to put food on the table for them to eat. A new study by the Organization of Economic Corporation and Development has found that the U.S. minimum wage lags most rich countries. As a share of median income, the U.S. minimum wage ranks 24th out of 25 rich countries(TheRealNews). So America can stand to give more money to the common low-paid workers in America. Many people, who work for this pay per hour, suffer to support themselves andShow MoreRelatedFederal Minimum Wage Should Be Increased911 Words   |  4 PagesThe question that ponders m any people’s minds is whether the federal minimum wage should be increased or not. The current U.S. minimum wage is $7.50 and this wage has not increased since 2009. Families with minimum income wages are suffering due to the fact that they cannot provide everyday needs for their families. This is the reason why many people are rioting. They are frustrated with the government’s nonchalant attitude towards the hard situations in which they are living in. A final decisionRead MoreFederal Minimum Wage Should Not Be Increased1005 Words   |  5 PagesStandard Act (FLSA), Federal minimum wage first went active October of 1938 starting at 25 cents an hour. According to The Bureau of Labor Statistics the minimum wage was not consistent until the start of 1978 and has increased 22 times since then to keep up with the rise on the prices of goods and services. The stretched period of times that minimum wage increased as well as inflation, the purchasing power of the mini mum wage has decreased significantly during the time. The minimum wage is not catalogedRead MoreThe Effects Of Minimum Wage On The Economy1391 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects Minimum Wage on the Economy The controversial topic about increasing minimum wage is debated countless times over the years. Minimum wage is the lowest wage an employer can pay an employee permitted by law. The contemporary federal minimum wage is $7.25. Minimum wage applies to all domestic workers but teenagers are the main receivers of minimum wage. Minimum wage has a major effect on the economy. The question is are the effects positive or negative. There are many arguments on whetherRead MoreFederal Minimum Wage Should Be Raised877 Words   |  4 PagesRecently, the call to raise the Federal minimum wage has gotten stronger. Some states have taken the initiative recently to raise their state minimum wage above the federal guidelines. Currently someone who makes $7.25 an hour working full time under the Federal minimum wage earns $15,080 annually before any taxes are taken out. Critics of the proposal to increase federal minimum wage believe that increased labor costs force businesses to cut jobs to make up for the decrease in profit (Mejeur).Read MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1176 Words   |  5 Pageswork weeks at minimum wage can be insufficient to provide for life’s necessities. Many minimum wage workers must supplement their income with taxpayer-funded federal assistance programs in addition to working beyond the standard 40 hour work week. There is an economical and ethical imperative to increase the pay of low-income workers, and this can most effectively be done by raising the federally established minimum wage. The federal government assumed responsibility for ensuring wage fairness by implementingRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Policy During The United States1714 Words   |  7 Pagesincrease the federal minimum wage. Headlines throughout the country highlight recent minimum wage policy changes in major cities such as Los Angeles and Seattle. Last month, Governor Andrew Cuomo of New York announced an approved minimum wage increase to $15 an hour for all fast food workers i n the state (McGeehan). Even the website for the White House has a separate page, â€Å"Raise the Wage,† advocating for Congress to increase the federal minimum wage to $10.10 an hour (Raise the Wage). The mostRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Debate1637 Words   |  7 PagesThe minimum wage debate brings about a range of reactions from different people. There are those who believe that there shouldn’t even be a minimum wage and that wages should be determined by the markets. On the other hand, we have those who vigorously argue for increasing the wage minimum citing inflation, the poverty line and worker productivity. Regardless, we do have a federal minimum wage rate in the United States at $7.25 per hour, with some states having a higher minimum wage than the federalRead MoreRaising The Federal Minimum Wage889 Words   |  4 Pagesraising the federal minimum wage would positively effect the economy. In doing so, I will be discussing how an increase in the federal minimum wage would make a vast improvement on the way many low income families live, and also how raising the federal minimum wage would boost the economy as it desperately needs. In raising the federal minimum wage, one might argue that it would cause a spike in the unemployment rate. The reasoning is that it would force employers to balance the increase in wages thatRead MoreShould We Be Living Their Life? Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagesthis the way anyone should be living their life? (TRANSITION?) Many who have or currently work in restaurants and other places of business within the food industry are demanding higher compensations without knowing the negative repercussions that could arise and take effect. It was recently discovered that, in 2014, around 71% of Americans favored an increase in minimum wages, yet less than half knew or understood the positive and negative effects that came with higher wages (procon.org). That isRead MoreCongress As Part Of The Fair Labor Standards Act1084 Words   |  5 PagesStandards Act (FLSA) instituted minimum wage back in 1938. The first minimum wage was at $0.25 per hour and the last minimum wage increase occurred i n 2007. Over the past 65 years the minimum wage has varied considerably in inflation-adjusted buying power. It has averaged $6.60 an hour in purchasing power in 2013 dollars, but it has ranged from a low of $3.09 an hour in late 1948 to a high of $8.67 an hour in 1968. Today’s minimum wage buys somewhat more than the minimum wage has historically, although

Marriage Verses Living Together Free Essays

I remember when my husband and I were dating and we both decided to move in with each other rather quickly. We both felt in order to really get to know one another; we had to see how compatible we both were. Because of this, in just a short three years, we were married but living together really proved to be a valuable lesson for the future. We will write a custom essay sample on Marriage Verses Living Together or any similar topic only for you Order Now In today’s society many people are getting married and divorced at record rates which are really affecting people views psychologically when it comes to marriage vs. cohabitation; therefore, I plan on exploring both options to see how both of these options work. A marriage is a legally binding agreement that grants each partner a wider range of rights and responsibilities. Ending this type of relationship requires a legal procedure. Cohabitation is the act of living together without a legally recognized union. This allows individuals to part ways with less difficulty than if they were married. However, both kinds of couples do live together and therefore spend most of their time together. Married people and cohabiting people are in serious relationships, they don’t generally decide to cohabit with someone they are just casually dating. People who are married are extremely committed to one another but neither couple will be unsure of their relationship or in a relationship with someone they don’t know very well. Married or cohabiting couples don’t have to completely pool their resources; both kinds of couples do have a financial stake in the relationship. At the very least, both will pay half of the rent or mortgage on a house or apartment. This means that both people in both kinds of relationships have something tangible to lose should the relationship fail. Married and cohabiting people are in intimate relationships. This essentially always includes some sexual intimacy; if there is no sexual intimacy in a married or cohabiting relationship, then it is not really a marriage or even a romantic relationship. While some people date without living together and not having sex, couples who live together are almost always in sexual relationships, whether they’re married or not. People commonly insist that a piece of paper, referring to the marriage license, is the only difference between marriage and cohabitation, this is far from being true. A marriage license is a document that drastically alters a relationship. One major way that it does this is by preserving the relationship even if one or both partners walk away. Marriages do not simply dissolve because individuals do not like the way that things are going and wish to invest their energy elsewhere. Instead, a couple must go through a divorce and have a court terminate their relationship. When two people cohabit, they live according to an agreement that may be based on a number of factors, such as emotions or financial convenience, but generally there is no legal responsibility binding one to the other. If the moment arises when the situation no longer seems suitable, both parties can instantly sever their ties. In most jurisdictions, there is not a special body of law regulating how cohabitants’ property should be divided or how the least financially fit partner should be cared for after the break up. With married partners, however, these are major considerations. Another major difference between marriage and cohabitation is liberty. When people marry, they take vows, which are legal and usually religiously sanctioned promises. A married person is not free to enter into intimate relations with other people. In addition to the threat of divorce and the financial ramifications that it can have for the guilty party, it is also possible in many states for one spouse to sue another for adultery. When people cohabitate, relinquishing the liberty to intimately fraternize with others is a choice, and if a person act contrarily, it poses no legal threat. Marriage and cohabitation also differ with regards to the decision-making. Spouses belong to one another, and if there is a life or death decision to be made and one person is unable to do so, her partner will be called upon to act on her behalf. When individuals are cohabiting, they do not generally gain the right or responsibility of making decisions for their partners, no matter how long they stay together. While many people choose to live together, others still prefer marriage. Research has shown that couples who marry generally feel more secure and are more committed to making their relationship work. People should never move in together for convenience. It should be a well thought decision that is preceded by plenty of discussion and planning. How to cite Marriage Verses Living Together, Papers

Gatsby And Houdini Essay Research Paper Harry free essay sample

Gatsby And Houdini Essay, Research Paper Harry Houdini and Jay Gatsby were both celebrated figures of the Roaring Twenties in America. Both work forces really much reflected, although in different ways, the wild, risk-taking criterions of their times. Houdini was renowned for his unbelievable flights and charming fast ones. Gatsby, the chief character in F. Scott Fitzgerald # 8217 ; s The Great Gatsby, was a man-about-town and outstanding member of Long Island society. Although different in many ways, both of them worked to happen felicity in their personal lives. Both work forces were devoted to feminine characters: Houdini, to his female parent and Gatsby, to his darling Daisy. Neither could finally keep his love. Despite their different personalities and involvements, in fighting to happen their functions in 1920 s society, both Harry Houdini and Jay Gatsby shared some of import similarities. Harry Houdini lived really modestly and became really interested in religious affairs. He made his life executing decease withstanding stunts in forepart of big crowds of people. In his book Ragtime, E.L. Doctorow writes of Houdini: # 8220 ; His life was absurd. He went all over all the universe accepting all sorts of bondage and escaping. # 8221 ; ( Doctorow, p. 6 ) Some of the stunts were being lowered into the Detroit River while handcuffed inside a concatenation coffin and being lowered upside down into a H2O anguish chamber. Houdini enjoyed being the centre of attending and ever wanted to affect people. He was invariably seeking for new and better ways to entertain people. Houdini had a great love for his female parent and after she died he became intrigued in seeking to reach the dead. # 8220 ; He thought of her at remainder in the casket under the Earth. He wept bitterly. He wanted to be following to her He knew what it was to be sealed in the Earth but he felt now it was the lone topographic point for him. What good was life without his darling small female parent? # 8221 ; ( Doctorow, pp.165-66 ) Houdini loved his female parent greatly and looked to her for counsel and when she died he was left inquiring what way his life would take without her aid. In fact, Houdini questioned whether life was even worth the problem to populate. Some of his hazard pickings can be explained by his captivation with withstanding decease. F. Scott Fitzgerald s character Jay Gatsby, on the other manus, enjoys the best things in life that money can purchase. He gives the visual aspect of being really happy and holding his personal life good in order. Unlike Houdini, Gatsby is non interested in religious things but is really mercenary. He tells everyone that he inherited his money when he was really a moonshiner and a criminal. He has a dark yesteryear. There are rumours that Gatsby was a German undercover agent in World War I and that he had killed a adult male. Gatsby lies all about his yesteryear to everyone he encounters. He claims that he inherited all his money when he really had nil to get down with and came by his money illicitly. # 8220 ; I thought you inherited your money. # 8221 ; # 8220 ; I did, old athletics, # 8221 ; he said automatically, # 8220 ; but I lost most of it in the large terror # 8211 ; the terror of the war. # 8221 ; ( Fitzgerald, p. 95 ) While Houdini made a name for himself exposing bogus medium mediums, Gatsby s whole life is a fraud on others. He believes that holding a large house and tonss of wealths will win over the miss he loves and let him to happen felicity in society. Gatsby is really much into visual aspects: he is highly fine-looking, with fantastic manners. He owns a large house which is attractively furnished. He besides gives the visual aspect of holding many friends and hosts many immense parties at his house. During these parties nevertheless he is frequently merely entirely by himself, non imbibing or socialising. Many people at his parties did non even cognize who he was but were merely there for the enjoyment of a good party. â€Å"We got up and she explained that we were traveling to happen the host – I had neer met him, she said, and it was doing me uneasy. The undergraduate nodded in a misanthropic, melancholic way.† ( Fitzgerald, p. 49 ) Gatsby feels that society is really shallow and that people are really superficial so he distances himself and his feelings from most people. Although they were really different work forces, Gatsby and Houdini shared some of import qualities on path to accomplishing their end of happening their topographic point in 1920 s society. Even though both work forces are ever the centre of attending or conversation they have really few existent friendly relationships. Actually, both work forces could be called lone wolfs. They both changed their names in hopes of seeking to go forth their yesteryear behind and better tantrum into American society. Even though he lives for the present, Gatsby s past continues to stalk him. # 8220 ; So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back endlessly into the past. # 8221 ; ( Fitzgerald, p. 189 ) The # 8220 ; boats # 8221 ; are symbolic of Gatsby s battle to happen himself while caught up in the mainstream, or # 8220 ; current # 8221 ; , of 1920 s values of philistinism, high life and large outward feelings. For Houdini, memories of his asleep female parent continue to stalk him, an d her decease creates a large nothingness in his life. While Gatsby is spiritually empty, Houdini undertook a religious journey, seeking to reach his female parent after decease. In add-on, each adult male portions a dream based on love of a adult female. For Houdini, he attempted to go on his relationship with his beloved female parent throughout infinity. Gatsby s dream is to capture the bosom of Daisy and be happy of all time after with her. For both work forces, accomplishing their love is hard: Houdini s female parent because she is dead and Daisy because she is married to another adult male. Both love affairs are doomed to neglect. Gatsby and Houdini both besides use semblances in set uping themselves in society. Houdini used fast ones and stunts while Gatsby tries to do himself look perfect with all his mulct apparels, ownerships and parties. In a sense both work forces were performing artists. Both characters create an image for themselves that make them look to be pleased with who they were and what they did. They were both a merchandise of the Roaring 20 # 8217 ; s accent on outward visual aspects and large hazard taking. They both took hazards in their ain manner. Gatsby moved with a fast, wild imbibing crowd and held parties all the clip. Houdini, on the other manus, did brainsick stunts in which he risked his life. Ultimately both work forces died in violent deceases. Houdini was punched in the tummy, at his ain petition, by a fan which ruptured his lien. Gatsby is shot and killed by an angry gas station proprietor whose married woman was run over and killed by Gatsby s car. For each adult male his decease resulted from his hazard taking behaviour: Gatsby in the hurrying car driven by Daisy and Houdini self-praise of his stone difficult tummy. Harry Houdini and Jay Gatsby are celebrated characters of The Roaring Twenties. Houdini was interested in religious affairs while Gatsby was highly mercenary. Although both work forces were really different, in their ain ways they really much reflected their times. In fighting to happen felicity and love, Gatsby and Houdini shared several of import similarities. Both work forces were basically lone wolfs despite seeking out crowds. Both work forces tried to get away their yesteryears. Each shared a dream based upon love of a adult female, a love that finally failed. Both work forces used semblances in their interactions with others. Both work forces suffered violent deceases that resulted from their pickings hazards. In happening their functions in society, hence, both Harry Houdini and Jay Gatsby shared some of import similarities.

Malcolm X Was A Black American Leader, Born May 19th, 1925 In Omaha, N

Malcolm X was a black American leader, born May 19th, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska, as Malcolm Little. Malcolm's father, a Baptist minister, was an outspoken follower of Marcus Garvey, the Black Nationalist leader of the 1920s. The family moved to Lansing, Michigan, and when Malcolm was six years old, his father was murdered after receiving threats from the Ku Klux Klan. Malcolm's mother suffered a nervous breakdown and the welfare department took the eight children. Malcolm was sent first to a foster home and then to a reform school. After the eighth grade, Malcolm moved to Boston, Massachusetts, where he worked at various jobs and eventually became involved in criminal activity. In 1946 he was sentenced to prison for burglary. While in prison, Malcolm became interested in the teachings of Elijah Muhammad, the leader of the black Muslims, also called the Nation of Islam. Malcolm spent his time in jail educating himself and learning more about the black Muslims, who advocated racial separation. When Malcolm was released in 1952, he joined a black Muslim temple in Detroit, and took the name Malcolm X. In 1958 he married Betty Shabazz, and they had six daughters. By the early 1960s, the Nation of Islam had become well known and Malcolm was their most prominent spokesperson. In 1963, however, the black Muslims silenced Malcolm for his remark that the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy was like "the chickens coming home to roost." In the following year, Malcolm broke with the Nation of Islam and formed a secular Black Nationalist group, the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU). In 1964 Malcolm made a hajj (pilgrimage) to the Islamic holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Based on this trip, and other travels to Africa and Europe, he renounced his previous teaching that all whites are evil, began advocating racial solidarity, and adopted the Arabic name El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz. On February 21, 1965, while addressing an OAAU rally in New York City, men allegedly connected with the black Muslims assassinated Malcolm. The Autobiography of Malcolm X (1965) was written by Alex Haley based on interviews with Malcolm X. Malcolm was born in Omaha, Nebraska on the 19th, of May 1925. Ku Klux Klansmen murdered his father and his mother was committed to a mental hospital shortly after. He was placed in a foster home and was sent to reform school later. After the eighth grade, he became involved in criminal activity and was sent to prison. He soon learned the teachings of black Muslim leader Elijah Muhammad. Malcolm was released in 1952 and joined a Muslim temple and changed his name to Malcolm X. Married Betty later and had six daughters. He became his group's best spokesperson, but left to start the Organization of Afro-American Unity. On February 21st, 1965, at an OAAU rally, he was shot. There was a book published about him.

Coping mechanisms Essay Example

Coping mechanisms Essay Example Coping mechanisms Essay Coping mechanisms Essay The complexness of human activities causes a batch of effects to the lives of every person. Whatever the consequence of these activities. favourable or non. adult male is affected peculiarly in the facet on how every activity is to be carried out utilizing his physical strength therefore doing him stressed finally. It is normal for people to see emphasis but when it comes. every individual should be ready to manage it in order for its consequence to go favourable on his portion. Though by and large. its effects are negative. In the position of many people. on the other manus. it can profit others in some ways. No 1 can populate without sing some grade of emphasis at all times ( Selye1987 ) . Stress nowadays plays a great portion non merely on pupils but besides in each person’s day-to-day life. it occurs when there is an instability between the demands of life and our ability to get by with them. Most people know something about emphasis. One may believe that merely serious disease or intensive physical or mental hurt can do emphasis. this is false ( Selye1978 ) . Job force per unit areas. school plants. household statements. fiscal force per unit areas and non holding adequate clip are merely few of the stressors that people at the present twenty-four hours society faces daily. In fact. it has been accepted in the society that mundane emphasis is portion of modern life ( Murray and Pizzorno. 1998 ) . Everyone thinks that taking up Bachelor Science of Nursing as a class needs a batch of forbearance and difficult work. Students must take it earnestly because clip. attempt and money are truly at interest. If you are non decisive plenty or hasty. it would be better to halt and don’t pursue it at all. Everyone has a dream. if you don’t have something to keep on to make your end. you should believe non merely one time or twice. What differs of taking BS Nursing as a class from the other classs is that it demands a batch of forbearance and attempt. Enlisted below. are the top troubles that a pupil may meet while prosecuting this enterprise. Fiscal quandaries. We are non merely speaking about tuition fee that ranges 20 to forty five thousand pesos. but besides the allowance needed for a pupil to last a twenty-four hours that includes transit. repasts. photocopy for manus outs. books and other supplies and gear. Time. Clashing of agendas can’t be avoided. When it comes to executing Related Learning Experience outside the Manila Central University. some professors are carry oning scrutinies or quizzes on the agenda given to different groups because non all pupils could do it. so there should be a clear understanding from the professor and pupils when it comes to schedule. Punctuality. It is non truly a trouble but a major concern. If a pupil could merely wake up early to avoid traffic or any undependable alibis. possibly the per centum for make-up responsibilities of pupils will be low or eradicated. Rating system. The scaling system of Bachelor Science of Nursing is enormously different from the other classs. Its passing rate is expected to be 70 five per centum unlike the others which is 50 per centum. The force per unit area rises here but the advantage of it is that pupils are forced to stand out and strive harder in order to run into its standards to go through which prepares them in local board scrutiny. Teaching styles competences. Everyone can learn but non all can be good at this. A professor which is truly an expert in his field sometimes have a higher outlook from the pupils. He tends to talk fast when discoursing without recognizing that pupils couldn’t understand what he was stating so most of the pupil merely rely on notes. memorising but non understanding or set it on their Black Marias that’s why most of the pupils fail when it comes to analytical type of scrutiny particularly when it comes to multiple pick because of confusion. Students have different personalities and uniqueness to execute schemes in order to get by with these troubles that they could meet that’s why in malice of the quandaries stated above. immense figure of alumnuss is still expected. Some may give up and neglect. some fails but still take to stand up. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This research survey was undertaken to find the troubles encountered in nursing class and the emphasis get bying mechanisms of selected BSN 4 pupils of Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines Specifically. this survey sought to reply the undermentioned inquiries: 1. ) What are the sensed degrees of emphasis among selected BSN 4 pupils of Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines in footings of: a. ) Studies b. ) Family c. ) Friends d. ) Relationship 2. ) Which of these stressors has greatly contributed to the emphasis felt by the pupils therefore impacting the public presentation of the nursing pupils? 3. ) What are the get bying mechanisms the respondents used to pull off their emphasis and better their public presentation? SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This survey will function as a guiding tool for pupil nurses whenever they encounter troubles or jobs which bring them emphasis. It will edify them about emphasis header schemes which they can utilize. The research workers believe that through this undertaking survey and being pupil nurses themselves. it will be a great aid if we could depict and recite exhaustively the troubles encountered in the nursing class and the emphasis get bying mechanisms in a specific form so that our chap selected BSN 4 pupils of Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines will hold extra cognition on the most common ways of get bying in different state of affairss encountered in our day-to-day lives as pupil nurses. We are cognizant that every pupil has their ain manner of get bying in every hard state of affairs. We merely want to dig in’ more profoundly. As we all know. being a nurse is a really difficult occupation. It is really nerve-racking. And cognizing that non all people have the same personalities and properties. every individual has their ain manner of loosen uping or wind offing. We would wish to analyze farther the ways of our fellow pupils on their emphasis get bying mechanisms. And to sum it up. the research workers would recite different situations/difficulties a nurse or a pupil nurse may meet in the schoolroom and in hospital responsibility. Scope and Delimitations This survey will discourse the different troubles or jobs encountered and the ways of header of pupil nurses. The research workers believe that being a registered nurse and being a pupil nurse has its differences. The research workers would wish to concentrate more on pupils. cognizing that pupil nurses non merely have hospital responsibilities but lecture yearss every bit good. The troubles of registered nurses are more serious in the sense that they have bigger duties than pupil nurses. This survey was conducted last September to October 2013. The sample population is limited to BSN 4 pupils of the College of Nursing. The range will be about The most normally used get bying mechanisms. HYPOTHESIS This survey will take to research the lived experiences of a nursing senior pupil about the troubles that they encountered in the nursing class and the emphasis get bying mechanisms that they do. The research inquiries that will be addressed in this survey guided the development of the undermentioned hypothesis: Conceptual/Theoretical Framework Sister Callista Roy developed the Adaptation Model of Nursing in 1976. This theoretical account comprises the four sphere constructs of individual. wellness. environment. and nursing and involves a six measure nursing procedure. Andrews A ; Roy ( 1991 ) provinces that the individual can be a representation of an person or a group of persons. Roy’s theoretical accounts see the individual as a bio-psychosocial being in changeless interaction with a altering environment ( Rambo. 1984 ) . The individual is an unfastened. adaptative system who uses get bying accomplishments to cover with stressors. Roy sees the environment as all conditions. fortunes and influences that surround and affect the development and behaviour of the person ( Andrews A ; Roy. 1991 ) . Roy describes stressors as stimulations and uses the term residual stimuli’ to depict those stressors whose influence on the individual is non clear ( Andrews A ; Roy ) . Originally. Roy wrote that wellness and unwellness are on a continuum with many different provinces or grades possible ( Rambo. 1984 ) . More late. she states that wellness is the procedure of being and going an integrated and whole individual ( Andrews A ; Roy ) . Roy’s end of nursing is the publicity of version in each of the four manners. thereby lending to the person’s wellness. quality of life and deceasing with dignity ( Andrews A ; Roy ) . These four manners are physiological. self-concept. function map and mutuality. Roy employs a six-step nursing procedure which includes: appraisal of behaviour. appraisal of stimulation. nursing diagnosing. end puting. intercession and rating. In the first measure. the person’s behaviour in each of the four manners is observed. This behaviour is so compared with norms and is deemed either adaptative or uneffective. The 2nd measure is concerned with factors that influence behavior. Stimuli are classified as focal. contextual or residuary ( Rambo. 1984 ) . The nursing diagnosing is the statement of the uneffective behaviours along with the designation of the likely cause. In the 4th measure. end scene is the focal point. Goals need to be realistic and come-at-able and are set in coaction with the individual ( Andrews A ; Roy. 1991 ) . Intervention occurs as the 5th measure. and this is when the stimulations are manipulated. It is besides called the doing phase’ ( Rambo ) . In the concluding phase. rating takes topographic point. The grade of alteration as evidenced by alteration in behaviour. is determined. Ineffective behaviours would be reassessed. and the intercessions would be revised ( Andrews A ; Roy ) . Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Adaptation_model_of_nursing Operational Definition of Footings The following are footings defined by the research workers to guarantee clearer apprehension and grasp of the survey: Adaptation- The procedure or province of altering to suit new fortunes or conditions. or the resulting alteration ( Encarta Encyclopedia ) Affectivity- This means doing a consequence. particularly the coveted or intended consequence. ( Encarta Encyclopedia ) Competency- The ability to make something good or to a needed criterion ( Encarta Encyclopedia ) Coping mechanisms- It is a behavioural tool which may be used by persons to countervail or get the better of hardship. disadvantage. or disablement without rectifying or extinguishing the implicit in status. Coping accomplishments are besides sometimes called work-arounds. Virtually all life existences routinely utilize get bying accomplishments in day-to-day life. These are possibly most noticeable in response to physical disablements. ( Encarta Encyclopedia ) Stress- It is a strain felt by person: mental. emotional. or physical strain caused. for illustration by anxiousness or overwork. It may do such symptoms as raised blood force per unit area or depression. ( Encarta Encyclopedia ) Stressors- These are something that causes emphasis: an activity. experience. or other state of affairs that causes emphasis. for illustration deficiency of H2O to a works or overwork to a individual ( Encarta Encyclopedia ) . CHAPTER II Review of Related Literature and Studies Local Literature The followers is a sum-up of the troubles encountered and stress get bying mechanisms of nursing pupils locally: A nursing student’s life will ever be arduous and compelling. Intellectual. physical. and sometimes emotional demands can be encountered in the Nursing subject. Most Registered Nurses at present had experienced the same quandaries and challenges. in changing grades. before going the great nurses they are today. The premier manner on how to cover with the BSN life is to hold this realisation: It’s neer easy to go a nurse. One must pour on a great trade of difficult work. Tina ( hypertext transfer protocol: //nurses. definitelyfilipino. com/index. php/2010/12/a-bsn-students-guide-to-nursing/ ) is a good organized web log for Filipino Nurses. [ 1 ] In the article stated above. it says that being a nurse is non an easy occupation. It requires passion. attempt. and forbearance. It’s normal for nurses to hold a really nerve-racking modus operandi. But because of single differences of people. we all have our ain ways of covering with emphasis. some of us want to eat or possibly run into friends after school or work. slumber. It’s a decidedly a fact. We have our ain individualism. Even at the early beginning of life. emphasis is being encountered. It appears to be a cosmopolitan status which everyone immature or old. married or single. Filipino or alien. hapless or rich. learned or non learned - experiences or develops. In other words. it affects all sorts of people from different walks of life. There are many events in life that can do emphasis. It could be generic. physical. chemical. psychological. cultural. ecological or occupational in nature. Simbulan ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. jpsimbulan. com/2008/11/19/stress-and-the-working-nurse/ ) is a site for researches in local nursing and other Fieldss. [ 2 ] Nurses are non far exempted from confronting many nerve-racking things. It has been recognized that the universe he lives is a powerful beginning of emphasis. Nursing is a profession that demands high degree of duty because it promotes individualized. sensitive. relevant and effectual nursing attention to patients. Therefore. degrees of emphasis are associated with the occupations that are excessively varied and demanding. Nurses are really much capable of developing a great trade of emphasis doing either physical or psychological responses in footings of carry throughing the occupations in the infirmary scenes. every bit good as in run intoing their duties in their several place because of these feverish activities they have less chances for societal interaction. Therefore. there is a great for demand for surveies in order to find the beginnings of nerve-racking factors that the behaviour of nurses. When a certain person for illustration. experiences a nerve-racking state of affairs. that individual may seek to get by up by doing an attempt to alter the state of affairs into a good one and avoids unbearable state of affairss. Almost all literature claims that work factor produces emphasis in different degrees and that the people vary in their ability to get by with them. In recent old ages. research worker had begun to look into dearly-won effects of occupational emphasis burnout. Burnout is a province of physical and emotional exhaustion that occurs bit by bit over a period of clip. First described in 1974 by Freudenburger. the burned-out are normally professionals who work in people-intensive occupations that are emotionally demanding which is chiefly nurses and societal workers are likely to be affected. Physical symptoms typically include chronic weariness and frequent minor unwellness. such as colds. that resolve easy. Burned out people spend an surfeit of clip at work but are disorganized. easy enraged and accomplish little. The most distinguishing feature of burnout is the manner burned out distance themselves from clients in which distancing is accomplished through depersonalisation mode. The burned-out are professionally committed. extremely idealistic persons who over identify in their personal life. Believing their work will do a important societal difference and be financially every bit good as emotionally honoring. And these persons are unprepared for the twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours worlds of their occupations that consequences from enduring stress-related unwellnesss. As it is normally used. emphasis is referred as a burden or load under which a individual survives or clefts. It was besides been defined as any internal or external influence that interferes with satisfaction of basic demands or slightly a thing. which disturb homeostasis. This may be a perturbation in the organic structure homeostasis. general or terrible plenty to bring forth a co-ordinated organic structure response. These responses include nephritic. respiratory. metabolic. sympathetic and circulative reactions. A well-known psychologist. Hans Selye. besides a universe renowned authorization defined emphasis as the non-specific response of the organic structure to any demand made upon it. He coined stressor as a factor or agent that produces emphasis. He farther stated that the body’s response to emphasis is non-specific because it occurs without respect to and really much independently of. the specific stressor ; thereby non-specific response to stressor is the kernel of emphasis. Human existences are viewed as an unfastened system which is invariably responding to his internal and external environment. There will ever be happening of influential factors that could do great response of menaces to the stability and stableness of the individual. During early 1980’s. psychologists had come up of naming emphasis and had developed certain graduated tables to be stressed and can fix for this happening. The individual must be able to accommodate himself and get the hang his get bying behaviours satisfactory. in a mode to keep homeostasis. Walter Cannon pointed out that the intent of homeostasis is freedom in which it allows the individual to make his potencies as human. Homeostasis is besides associated with the person’s province of wellness. it is believe that when individual is healthy. he is said to be in province of equilibrium. Health harmonizing to Wolff. is the absence of unwellness had become entrenched in many peoples’ heads and that the facets of human holistic position is a really critical consideration non merely the physical facets as an result. In other words. stress trades with how the organic structure could set to the demands of life. These demands could either be menace. challenge or alteration that requires the organic structure to react. either. on the positive or negative side. Therefore when the organic structure is able to accommodate to a certain demand and serves as a incentive. it is said to be reacting positively. Whereas. when the organic structure fails to accommodate. in which there is much attempt is released by a emphasis response. it is turned inward reacting negatively and disrupted homeostasis occurs. In add-on. effectual header is necessary in pull offing emphasis such that it is an built-in portion of the emphasis experience. And in order to make these successfully. an single must cover with the state of affairs or job. trade with the feelings. usage available support and cut down the psychological rousing of emphasis by appropriate activities such as relaxation. exercising and others. Simbulan ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. jpsimbulan. com/2008/11/19/stress-and-the-working-nurse/ ) is a site for researches in local nursing and other Fieldss. [ 3 ] Another survey done specifically with nursing forces showed similar findings plus other negative conditions in the occupation and infirmary scene. Harmonizing to these research workers. emphasis exists as a major issue in nursing. Factors which their topics identified as enforcing job-related force per unit areas were: staff deficits. increased demands by direction. the demand for greater cognition and accomplishments ( compared with demands when foremost employed ) . patients who were more critically ill. and an unwieldy work burden ( in footings of keeping quality of work ) . Nurses and pupil suffered from unrealistic self-expectations. a high-intensity work environment and an increasing figure and assortment of wellness workers with whom attention of patient was coordinated. The scenes of smiling and express joying Filipinos. vocalizing and dance ( and imbibing ) off can be delusory. Quite frequently. Filipinos particularly the immature 1s and the pupils deal with emphasis by seeking to be happy. I put that in quotation marks because the Filipino term is masaya. which is truly more of an externalized gaiety. Masaya is societal chumminess. it’s doing cheer and rather frequently we do it exactly because there have been unhappy events. nerve-racking events. The best illustration is that of a decease - our aftermaths are ill-famed for its merry-making. but that. exactly. is portion of our stress-coping mechanism. We have folk psychological science. possibly even folk psychopathology. at work here. Filipinos aware of how unsafe it is to let emphasis to devour us. We warn people approximately excesses as a cause of unwellness. and that includes the inordinate emotions generated by emphasis. But for all the talk about our communitarian orientation. of assisting friends to get the better of emphasis. societal force per unit areas in the Philippines can besides be counterproductive with the manner we sometimes force people to quash the emphasis. Enjoy! we urge them. non recognizing there are bounds to resilience. There are power dimensions to all this. such as those found in gender. Contrary to pigeonhole about adult females pupil being more expressive. Filipinas are really more prone to covering with nerve-racking state of affairss through tiis ( endurance ) and kimkim ( repression ) . Check out the local scenes of gaiety: it’s normally work forces pupils holding a good clip. conveying out the beer and crispening their jobs off. while their adult females look for ways to do ends meet. Men. pupils excessively. are expected to maintain their feelings in cheque. but more out of masculine values of strength and stolidity. Work force are by and large non allowed to shout. much less to travel into hysterics ; and this likely helps to explicate why more work forces suffer from cardiovascular disease. Harmonizing to Dr. Lourdes Ignacio many pupils will show their emphasis by kicking about repeating concerns. or abdominal strivings. accompanied by giddiness. sickness. weariness. Doctors used to disregard these as being all in the head. but it has become clear the physical hurting and hurt may be rather existent. that the repressed emphasis is expressed through the organic structure. The butch jussive moods around emphasis are necessarily tied to alcohol and drugs. Younger male Filipinos particularly nursing are peculiarly vulnerable. given their battles with individuality. maleness and self-pride. unable to show their defeats and bitterness. Drugs are one manner of covering with the emphasis. with all its attender jobs. It’s important though that the most abused drugs are metaphetamines. which are uppers or stimulations. Again. the Filipino response to emphasis is to look for more stimulation. The nervus cells fire off until. frayed and exhausted. the user develops paranoia ( borrowed into Filipino as praning ) and so psychosis. Ignacio said Filipinos have their ain natural get bying mechanism compared to other nationalities. She said Filipinos’ strong religion in God. sense of wit and concern for others. are among the mechanisms that help them get by with depression. We are really much crisis-oriented and we have natural ways of get bying with it. she said. Ignacio said they consider these as signifiers of get bying with mental upsets even without scientific footing. Reyes said some mental patients could work usually once more after being treated. Of class. for illustration. a bank director suffered from schizophrenic disorder. he or she can non travel back as a bank director. but as a clerk. There is some signifier of arrested development but in footings of symptoms. they are free from symptoms. but their operation has already regressed in some signifier. he said. On the other manus. Ignacio revealed that the Philippines are confronting an acute deficit of head-shrinkers due to the unabated migration of mental wellness physicians who seek greener grazing lands abroad.

Argumentative Essay Writing Tips

Argumentative Essay Writing Tips How to Write an Argumentative Essay? An argumentative essay typically consists of major points. However, the body paragraphs are the core part of the assignment. This is where a student is supposed to provide strong argumentation and evidence to the key points described in the work. The paper requires a considerable writing style, which appears to be the main challenge or writers. How to start an argumentative essay? A good thing about the paper is that students can generally choose a topic they like unless the instructor assigns it. Try to choose a topic you are good at. It is the only way to write something solid. You are supposed to be an expert or at least show off your expertise making readers believe that you are an expert. To achieve this, you need to do the following: Step 1 – Make a plan Having a clear plan or outline is the basis for the paper. The writing process will be time-consuming and daunting unless you have a clear plan. Try several variants, sketch the outline and choose the best bet. When you work out the plan, you already have a clear understanding of what to write about and in what way. Step 2 – Handle the creative block The creative crisis is a common issue for many amateur and immature writers. You will obviously face creative problems especially if you write this type of paper for the first time. Do not overload your brain with difficult objectives. Try to think clearly or simply have a rest not to be overwhelmed with the task. Keep your mind clear; make notes of everything that may come in handy. Step 3 – Benefit from critical thinking Once you are done with the plan and ready to write, it is high time we used critical thinking. Check all your notes and try to organize the key ideas bringing them to one place featuring logical connections. Make sure you stick to the plan. Add proofs and argumentations in accordance with the outlines. Step 4 – Revise the paper The major part of your writing work is done! Good for you! Now you need to make sure that the content is flawless from grammar and writing style perspectives. You need to edit and proofread the paper.   Double-check the text to make you feel safe. The slightest mistake will doom your work to failure. Step 5 – Let friends read your paper You’ve done a great job! A good idea is to ask your friends or relatives to read the essay and share their opinion. They can notice some mistakes or misconnections as well. Checking and editing are never enough when it comes to delivering high-quality argumentative essays.

BRAHMS REQUIEM Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

BRAHMS REQUIEM - Assignment Example He had filled the workplace of Meister. The courts and rear ways of the poor quarter in which he existed were continually resonating with the tunes of youngsters, in which he joined generously, with his high soprano voice. He was a fun loving, Normal sprightly kid, sound and ordinary youngster. There was never any uncertainty as to his turning into an artist. From promptly adolescence he took in everything his father could show him, read everything. In the first place he could lay involved, rehearsed with un- Music straying eagerness, and filled reams of Study paper with activities and varieties (Brahms, 1-9). 2. Compare the experience of listening to Brahms’ Requiem to other musical performances you have seen this semester. To what extent is the Ellen Eccles a fitting venue for a performance of this kind? Different arrangers on their aesthetic work have investigated the key existential address in significantly particular courses through a medium that, as I would see it, is unsurpassed around the different manifestations of creative declaration in its capability to achieve the center of our being. Whats more when you have the chance to really sing these meets expectations, the knowledge of them could be upbeat. It doesnt get significantly more particular than that! What can one say in regards to the Mozart Requiem? The quick remarks made here address its energy and to the virtuoso of a writer whose blessing has given mankind the most wonderful and roused musical works ever to jump from the creative ability. The complexity between the Mozart and the Berlioz in their musical structure and inclination is hitting with Berlioz commitment being no less esteemed for the distinction. As Lynn has noted, the specialized requests on the soloists of both structures are considerable and this however shows that Brahms verbalization the extent that his

Business study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business study - Essay Example This paper evaluates the effect that the European Union has on employee relations in the EU member states and specifically the United Kingdom. Organizations and HRM specialists have to realize that laws formulated at the EU level are superior to the domestic laws of the member states. This is relevant to employment legislation just as much as legislation in every other area. What is encouraging is that the EU incorporates the bodies that are tasked with formulating policies in the member states in the making of legislations that affect all the member states. Of course, the British government can continue to make any social and employment laws that it wants to implement domestically if they do not undermine the requirements laid down by the EU law (Morris, Willey, & Sachdev, 2002). Starting from the late 1950s, the European Union has developed with stages of great activity followed by times of standstill. In essence, the Maastricht Treaty of 1991, which altered the issue of the European Economic Community to the European Union, marked the start of an active phase towards a deeper and bigger Europe. In 1992, the European Economic Area was characterized by accord on eastern expansion and 1995 saw Austria, Finland, and Sweden becoming fully pledged members of the EU. The Intergovernmental Conference (ICG) came into effect in March 1996, and agreed at Maastricht to offer prolongation of this active phase (Timming, 2007). The ICG is tasked with a triple mandate of reforming the EU decision-making and organizations, extending EU responsibility for mutual foreign and defence policies, and enhancing collaboration on immigration, safe haven, military and other home affairs matters. At the same breath, the EU needs to go on with balancing common financial interests with national and sectorial economic interests. Central to the achievement of political

Tantalus Poem Essay Example for Free

Tantalus Poem Essay Favored by the gods of Olympus He partied dined and wined Cool to the mortals was Tantalus But he soon would pay the fine. He went behind the god’s backs From them Tantalus stole He committed other cruel acts Once a friend now a foe. If Tantalus was more of an honest man He wouldn’t take advantage of the god’s trust Accepting the lending hand Instead of turning it into dust. If Tantalus had another shot He would make a better soup Not boil his son hot But use a chicken from the coop. If Tantalus had another take He wouldn’t have hid the golden pet He was the source of Zeus’ heartbreak Got caught he should fret. If Tantalus had another chance He wouldn’t have been so famished He saw nectar and ambrosia in a glance They noticed and his penalties were lavished. Tantalus wasn’t the only one whose life was filled with demise His family wasn’t allowed good fate Only positive thing was his son’s rise This left his family filled with hate which wasn’t so great. Tantalus suffered in the afterlife Placed above him an apple tree Trying to take a bite was strife I bet he wished he could flee. Placed below him was water Never allowed a sip Tantalus shouldn’t even bother He wasn’t even allowed a drip. Tantalus learned from his mistakes Although it was too late He learned not to see objects and take Also not to use his son as bate.

Jules Verne’s Around the World in 80 Days Essay -- Around World 80 Da

Jules Verne’s Around the World in 80 Days Jules Verne’s 19th century novel about the travels of the â€Å"eclectic† Phileas Fogg at first seems a quick read, an adventurous tale written in a light-hearted vernacular. Yet a close reading of passages, such as the paragraph at the beginning of chapter two, reveals more complex, latent themes amidst the pages of such â€Å"mass† fiction. An analysis of one passage in particular1 [1] suggests that this classic novel has little to do with travel, adventure and love, but rather that it makes a statement about the human condition. Fogg’s famous eighty-day challenge seems only a vessel, a means of transportation, to mask and guide his own inward journey. Verne’s earliest portrayals of Fogg reveal some of his peculiarities: an unnatural fixation on following routing and being on time, as well as meticulous attention for detail.2 [2] Yet Fogg’s apparent obsession with exactitude denies him any hint of individuality. According to Verne, Fogg is â€Å"so exact that he [is] never in a hurry†, â€Å"[makes] no superfluous gestures†, and â€Å"[is] never seen to be moved or agitated†.3 [3] He meticulously reads two papers each day without comment, avoids both confrontation and agreement, and is at once mysterious and predictable. Phileas Fogg seems, therefore, to exist in such a state of mediocrity and liminality, lacking defining or distinctive characteristics, that prior to accepting the challenge, he would fade from the reader’s view. Verne’s poetic prose further highlight Fogg’s early banality: â€Å"Phileas Fogg was indeed exactitude personified, and this was betrayed even in the expression of his very hands and feet†¦ the limbs themselves are expressive of the passions.† (Verne 14) .. ...ons do not match on a word-for-word basis. This is the passage as it appears in my versions: â€Å"Phileas Fogg was indeed exactitude personified, and this was betrayed even in the expression of his very hands and feet; for in men, as well as in animals, the limbs themselves are expression of the passions. He was so exact that he was never in a hurry, was always ready, and was economical in both steps and his motions. He never took one step too many, and always went to his destination by the shortest way; he made no superfluous gestures, and was never seen to be moved or agitated. He was the most deliberate person in the world, yet always arrived on time. He lived alone, and so to speak, outside of every social relation; and as he knew that in this world there must be friction, and since friction slows things down, he never rubbed against anybody.† (Verne 14-15)

The Episodic Novel Of Huckleberry Finn English Literature Essay

In his episodic novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain fabricates a journey as the platform for the storyteller ‘s symbolic rite of transition. The supporter, Huckleberry Finn, discovers the true colourss of his individualism, as he voyages through his many escapades and additions invaluable experiences. While he matures and progresss, Huck discards his temperament as an ignorant and juvenile stripling hungering for joy and hazard and becomes a adult male, being able to firmly identify and set up his ethical motives and moralss. During this intricate procedure, he develops a chumminess with a Jim, a runaway slave, finally larning the true horrors of the blemished society, in which he lives in. As a function in Huck ‘s acquisition procedure, Mark Twain realistically utilizes the societal perceptual experience of Whites during the clip period to help Huck in detecting the defects of bondage, rejecting many critics ‘ premise that he is a racialist. Huck, a thirteen-year-old boy of a rummy, is recurrently strained to last on his ain marbless where sometimes it contradicts society ‘s criterions and Torahs. As he seems to trek down the Mississippi River, he besides journeys down his interior outlook, as Huck encounters challenges between his societal scruples and single scruples. Huck ever seems to look up to the educated, the high and mid-class. He appeared to do himself believe that his judgement was inferior or abased to theirs because he was nonreader, and non truly portion of society – or a civilised human being. He blindly follows Tom Sawyer, due to the fact that he was educated and brought up in a refined urbane scene. As the novel opens, Huck is forced to be integrated in society and civilisation. Though he struggles, he persuades himself to sublimate in. In the beginning, Huck is perplexed by the asinine intent of faith. As Widow Douglas and Miss. Watson seek really difficult to reform Huck to go â€Å" sivilize † , he does n't see the intent of Eden and snake pit. It ‘s these first marks of society ( faith ) that plays an impact on Huck, where he makes a connexion that his actions will find his finish after decease. Huck besides can be portrayed as an innate philosopher, where he is really disbelieving of the social tenet ( faith ) and in fact perceives these thoughts in his ain ways, as he tries to reform. This is seen with Huck ‘s thought that snake pit might really be a better topographic point than the Widow Douglas ‘s Eden. Thus this issue merely engenders Huck ‘s moral development. When Huck encounters Jim on Jackson ‘s island, and attends his narrative of a runaway slave, Huck sees Jim as a human being instead than a slave. Huck feels empathy and compunction, as he hears Jim ‘s sad narrative of his household being ripped apart. Huck, who merely was n't able to properly to the full mold with society, and Jim, a run-away slave, both were alienated from society in cardinal ways. Both now in some signifier freed from the falseness and unfairness of society, but knew this would non last long. When Huck realizes that his destiny was wrapped around Jim ‘s, he inquiry ‘s the morality of assisting a run-away slave, this in which was against jurisprudence, and interrupting a jurisprudence would take him to hell. More subtly, Twain knock the American South for its bogus romanticism and hypocritical Christianity. Huck decries the thought that the Christianity of the South is a living contradiction. Huck does non grok the fact how society accepts bo ndage yet ignores the Biblical impression of the equality of all trusters. ( â€Å" The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn † pg1 ) . However, Huck conceded and acknowledged that he would travel to hell, in which a forfeit he was willing to do. In farther context, Twain in his plant is non a racialist. In the mode he depicts Jim as a existent individual, who carries feelings and emotions, shows in fact that Twain is an opposition of bondage. Huck had the common sense to see how bondage was a echt blight to humanity. Perversely the so called sophisticated society accepted it, even the â€Å" good people such as Miss. Watson. † Huck matures farther as he breaks that mask that society gave Jim, and accepts him as a normal individual. Huck refers to Jim, â€Å" I knowed he was white indoors. † ( Twain, pg 46 ) . It shows how Huck, who was brought up in a really bigoted subdivision of the state, that ingested all the lip service of bondage, was still able to exceed it by merely cognizing this one â€Å" nigga † , Jim. Furthermore, Huck ‘s character alterations as Jim teaches him about friendly relationship. Their relationship becomes tighter, after the Huck ‘s gag about him ne'er had gone losing in the fog. Huck learns that Jim is a individual is with feelings, and finally Jim induces this motion into Huck ‘s adulthood. This is the critical point of Huck ‘s transmutation, where Huc k apologizes to Jim. Huck ‘s ocean trip down the Mississippi taught him much, but was chiefly a frolic. But once it resumes, when Huck is taken up the Grangerfords, he journeys to the dark side of American civilisation. The benevolent household who offer Huck to remain is in a firing feud between another household, the Shepherdsons. Twain uses these two households to use in some deriding absurdness and to mock an â€Å" excessively romanticizes thoughts about household award † . Ultimately, the households ‘ sensationalized feud gets many of them killed. Huck genuinely refutes society one time he saw his new friend Buck, be shot and killed. Twain uses this incident to notice on all systems of rule that rebuffs the humanity of another set of people. Huck becomes befuddled in this episode. The Grangerfords are a mix of contradictions where they treat Huck good, but they own slaves and act more unwisely with other household by killing one other. Is this what society dawns upon? In the denouement, Huck transmogrifies into a full stripling who now truly believes in his values, and deems that it should non be manipulable and tarnished by society ‘s Torahs. Near the decision of the novel, Huck and Tom make an effort to liberate Jim who is held captured. After Tom ‘s farcical program fails, everyone learns that Jim was really a free adult male for hebdomads ( because Miss. Watson, in her will, let Jim to be free when she died ) . This thought of liberating a free black adult male had a particular resonance at the clip Twain wrote this novel. Blacks during this clip had much problem incorporating with society because of the racial subordination that was still present predating the Civil War.Work Citedâ€Å" The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay. † Novelguide.com. December 14, 2009. & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.novelguide.com/huckleberryfinn/index.html & gt ; . Couple, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. United States: Bantum Books, Inc. , 1884.

Art Essay

The urban vernacular landscape is built from corrugated GI sheets and concrete; its architectural philosophy, expressed by maximizing minimal spaces and improvising. Luis Santos takes the visual language of the streets into the gallery with Structures, his fourth solo exhibition. Born from his interest in random abstract forms, the show is a riff on patterns found in mechanically created assemblies. The starting point of Structures is a galvanized iron (GI) sheet—a ubiquitous roofing material in developing countries—that Santos has distorted, warped, and bent to his will. Four twisted sheets lie on the gallery floor at the feet of a diptych, two square canvases that have been tilted and angled as a reference to construction poster boards, prefabricated tin tabernacles, and provisional lean-to shelters. The strength of Santos’s technique is evident in the three-dimensional quality of his work: the texture, metallic sheen, and rippling surface of the GI sheets are depicted in high fidelity. Each crumple and crease is rendered in minute detail with utter care and attention. In this regard, Santos is comparable to a 15th-century artist obsessed with draped fabrics and communicating the physical properties of cloth—how it folds and falls over a human subject—on canvas. In Structures, the industrial polish of galvanized iron replaces the delicacy of silk and the rich heft of velvet. Structures meditates on many things: the unexpected tessellations arising rom mundane, overlooked objects; the improvisational ingenuity of urban vernacular architecture; and the expanded definition of painting beyond oil and canvas. My Feedback/Insight : For me when i say this work of art i was supprised and stunned cause i always see stuff like this when i go out of the house. So i was interested to know why he did it and what he thought about the artwork that he made. Other people may think his art is made up only by a plain metal sheet and and wooden chairs but for me it offers a macroscopic view of the immense ocean of steel that rolls through the city, and captures the beauty of landlocked waves undulating and glinting under the sun. This piece of artwork is effortless but can go through the hearts of alot of people. For me it shows the hard life of the non wealthy people it reminds me of people who live near the bridges in paranaque and people who have no pemanent home and just build their houses or shelters using plain metal sheets. It reminds me that alot of people struggle because of lack of money but also gives me the impression that even though alot of filipino’s are having a hard time living and even though they just have a small house to live in, even though its just made of plain metal sheets and wooded planks alot of families are still together yes some go seperate ways but most of them stay together cause thats what they have their family. If i put it to simple words, This work of art symbolizes the life of the penniless and their hard times as a poverty stricken person. The texture of the art work is just metallic the shape of it a square actually its just a corrugated metal sheets mounted on wooden panel, the artwork is also shiny and curved like the usual roof you see in low class houses in the phillippines. I find it beautiful and misunderstood at the same time. The artwork puts alot of things in my mind and reminds me of the houses in the philippines. The color of the are just gray and fills me with sadness and reminds me of hard times. The lines of the artwork are curvy there is no space movement. It does not have to much color so the art work is just monochrome.

othello essay essays

othello essay essays In Shakespeare's Othello, the character Iago, Othello's lieutenant, is the cause of all the tragedy which comes to pass as the play progresses. Iago is the antagonist of the play, but rather than being the direct opponent to the tragic hero, Iago is a manipulator, opposing Othello not directly but through other characters whom he tricks into acting for him. In the first scene of the play, Iago gives the audience warning that he is not all that he seems when he says, "I am not what I am." (I,i,65) He is first seen in this scene appearing to help Roderigo, a suitor to Desdemona, who has run off with Othello, the Moorish general of the Venician army. Iago hates Othello for another reason. Instead of choosing him to be his lieutenant, Othello chose Cassio, another foreigner, and relegated Iago to the position of his ancient. When Roderigo asks why Iago continues to serve Othello, in spite of how the general has treated him, Iago replies, "I follow him to serve my turn upon him." (I,i,42) He goes on to give an example of how he intends to serve him, by acting like the perfect servant, while secretly enriching himself, and later says, "In following him, I follow but myself." (I,i,58) From this, one might think that he is still fairly straightforward in his plans, that he merely intends to betray Othello at some later date. However, in the third scene, he shows the audience his ability to manipulate people, when he convinces Roderigo to follow him to Cyprus and to bring all of his money, presumably to win back Desdemona. After Roderigo has left to do what Iago has suggested, Iago says, "Thus do I ever make my fool my purse." (I,iii,37 y9) Later, in Act IV, we find that Roderigo has been giving jewels to Iago to give to Desdemona, which Iago, it is implied, has sold for his own uses. Thus, it is seen that Iago is merely using Roderigo to further his own ends, just as he said he was only serving Othello to serve himself. ...

Explore and Evaluate Your Writing Process

Explore and Evaluate Your Writing Process Once youve made the decision to work on improving your writing, you need to think about exactly what youll be working on. In other words, you need to consider how to handle the various steps involved in the process of writing: from discovering ideas for a topic, through successive drafts, to a final revision and proofreading. Examples Lets look at how three students have described the steps they typically follow when writing a paper: Before doing anything, I make sure Ive got a quiet room and a clear head. When I feel ready to work, I sit in front of my laptop and begin tapping out whatever comes to mind. Then, after taking a short walk, I read over what Ive written and pick out the things that strike me as worth keepingkey ideas and interesting details. After this, I usually go on to compose a rough draft pretty quickly. Then (maybe in a day or two, if Ive gotten an early start) I read the draft and add explanations and ideas and make some grammatical changes. Then I write it over again, making more changes as I go. Sometimes I complete the whole process in an hour or two. Sometimes it takes a week or more. I like to do my first draft on paperthat is, after Ive daydreamed for an hour or two, raided the refrigerator, and made a fresh pot of coffee. I specialize in procrastination. After running out of ways to distract myself, I start to scribble down everything I can think of. And I mean scribblewrite fast, make a mess. When I figure out what Ive scrawled, I try to fix it up into an orderly, halfway-decent essay. Then I put it aside (after making another trip to the refrigerator) and start all over again. When Im done, I compare both papers and combine them by taking some things out and putting other things in. Then I read my draft out loud. If it sounds okay, I go to the computer and type it up. In trying to put together a paper, I go through four phases. First, theres the idea phase, where I get this bright idea. Then there is the productive phase, where Im really smoking, and I start thinking about the Pulitzer Prize. After that, of course, comes the block phase, and all those prize-winning dreams turn into nightmares of this big, six-foot guy jammed into a first-graders desk and being made to print the alphabet over and over again. Eventually (hours, sometimes days later), I hit the deadline phase: I realize that this sucker has got to be written, and so I start burning it out again. This phase often doesnt start until ten minutes before a paper is due, which doesnt leave a lot of time to proofreada phase I never seem to get around to. As these examples show, no single method of writing is followed by all writers in all circumstances. Four Steps Each of us has to discover the approach that works best on any particular occasion. We can, however, identify a few basic steps that most successful writers follow in one way or another: Discovering (also known as invention): finding a topic and coming up with something to say about it. A few of the discovery strategies that can help you get started are freewriting, probing, listing, and brainstorming.Drafting: putting ideas down in some rough form. A first draft is generally messy and repetitive and full of mistakesand thats just fine. The purpose of a rough draft is to capture ideas and supporting details, not compose a perfect paragraph or essay on the first attempt.Revising: changing and rewriting a draft to make it better. In this step, you try to anticipate the needs of your readers by rearranging ideas and reshaping sentences to make clearer connections.Editing and Proofreading: carefully examining a paper to see that it contains no errors of grammar, spelling, or punctuation. The four stages overlap, and at times you may have to back up and repeat a stage, but that doesnt mean you have to focus on all four stages at the same time. In fact, trying to do too much at one time is likely to create frustration, not make the writing go faster or easier. Writing Suggestion: Describe Your Writing Process In a paragraph or two, describe your own writing processthe steps that you ordinarily follow when composing a paper. How do you get started? Do you write several drafts or just one? If you revise, what sort of things do you look for and what sort of changes do you tend to make? How do you edit and proofread, and what types of errors do you most often find? Hold on to this description, and then look at it again in a month or so to see what changes you have made in the way you write.

Multiple Regression Empirical Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Multiple Regression Empirical Project - Essay Example A billion dollar increase in net exports holding consumption and direct foreign investments constant leads to 0.47 billion dollar increase in GDP. Considering consumption alone, it was found out that a billion dollar increase in consumption leads to 1.43 billion dollars increase in GDP and that consumption levels explains 99.84% of the total variations in GDP [r2 (60) = 0.9984]. Further, taking foreign direct investments alone, it was found that a billion dollar increase in foreign direct investment leads to 5.33 billion dollars increase in GDP. This model was found to be significant at 5% level of significance and that FDI explains 96.39% of the total variations in GDP Lastly, a billion dollar increase in net exports led to 17.47 billion dollars decrease in GDP and the model with NE alone was found to be significant at 5% level of significance and that NE explains 54.41% of the total variations in GDP. This study aimed at determining the impact of responsible consumption, foreign direct investments and net exports and employed the use of secondary data to proof the objectives. Different writers have argued that consumptions and investments are the key variables on which the GDP depends most. However, other variables like irresponsible consumptions, political un-rests, environmental degradation, and lack of government priorities translate to irresponsible spending are some other factors which should be taken care of for GDP to grow. GDP is the cumulative amount of goods/services which a country produces within a given year (Hall and Mishkin 1982; Hill 1992). When GDP changes, then a country is said to have experienced economic growth (if positive change) and economic melt-down (if negative growth-previous year’s performance is better than current year’s). Factors like level of consumption, direct foreign investments and net exports are some of the factors which contribute to positive GDP growth, hence economic growth (Haron 2005). High direct foreign

Fruit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fruit - Essay Example Sit tight, this is going to be one intellectually enlightening experience. According to Rakesh Mohan Hallen (â€Å"Taste and Smell†) the chemical composition of fruits dictate the flavor that we taste within it. He further explains that: â€Å"During the process of the ripening of a fruit or roasting or frying a papad the chemical substances present in them undergo some chemical changes, which transforms the structure of some of the molecules that elicit a particular taste.(Allen,Rakesh, Mohan, â€Å"Taste and Smell†). This would mean that the level of fructose, glucose, acid, and citric aid within fruits dictate the final sweetness or sourness of the ripened fruit (Mawuli, 2011). Seed dispersal is actually an interesting topic of which very little is known. What we do know however, is that the ripening of a fruit helps in seed dispersal because the seed pods of over ripened fruits tend to burst open thus scattering the seeds into the wind for depositing over vast land areas. Humans have also helped in propagating seed dispersal because of our tendency to carry fruit trees and plants that we consider decorative when we migrate from one place to another thus allowing for the spread of fruit and vegetable crops throughout various territories. (Hodag, 2011). However, considering that human beings tend to create fecal matter that is not deposited back into the soil but rather in sewer systems and land fills, human beings tend to disrupt the balance when it comes to seed dispersal because the seeds do not get back into the soil as a fertilizer as it would normally do when consumed by wild animals and the like. Now as we all know, polysaccharides, also known as starch, is a molecule that is not easily digested in its original form. It must be broken down into simpler forms such as fructose, which is a monosaccharide, in order to metabolize it. In fruits, these

Ause and Effect on Rhabdomyosarcoma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ause and Effect on Rhabdomyosarcoma - Essay Example Such genetic problems cause very quick development of the new cells and also cause the old cells to live for a very long period. The number of cells keeps increasing as a result of this, thus creating tumors. Certain genetic disorders can also cause damage to the DNA. However, in a vast majority of cases, doctors are unaware of the exact causes of abnormalities of the DNA which cause rhabdomyosarcoma in an individual. â€Å"There are no known lifestyle-related or environmental causes of RMS, so it is important to know that there is nothing these children or their parents could have done to prevent these cancers† (â€Å"Rhabdomyosarcoma† a). Risk Factors Although there is a lot of subjectivity about the real causes of rhabdomyosarcoma, yet there are certain risk factors that increase an individual’s susceptibility to acquiring rhabdomyosarcoma. These risk factors include but are not limited to age, gender, and inherited conditions. The population that is most freq uently affected by rhabdomyosarcoma is of children below ten years of age, though rhabdomyosarcoma may also be observed in adolescents, teenagers, and adults. Rhabdomyosarcoma is more frequently seen in boys or men as compared to girls or women. People inherit their risk to fall prey to different kinds of cancer. The DNA inherited by an individual from the parents may have some changes to cause this tendency. The risk of rhabdomyosarcoma is increased by some inherited conditions, though they are generally very rare. For example, people with a family history of Li-Fraumeni syndrome have increased risk of acquiring different kinds of sacromas including rhabdomyosarcoma. Patients of Beckwith-Wierdemann syndrome are at great risk of development of the Wilms tumor. Effects There are a lot of effects of rhabdomyosarcoma, some of which are discussed here. Rhabdomyosarcoma creates a mass inside the body which at times is painful while at other times, is not painful. Rhabdomyosarcoma causes development of tumors in the throat or nose. The development of tumors is accompanied with the symptoms of congestion, bleeding. Or neurological problems upon extension into brain. In some cases, the patient may experience problems in the process of swallowing. Sometimes, rhabdomyosarcoma in the patient causes the development of tumors around the eyes which can cause such harmful effects as the eye’s bulging, and swelling. In a vast majority of cases when this happens, the individual experiences problems with vision. Rhabdomyosarcoma causes development of tumors inside the ears due to which, the patient suffers from a loss of hearing ability and also experiences swelling inside the ear. Rhabdomyosarcoma also causes the tumors to develop inside the vagina, and they may be visible from the vagina’s opening. Tumors in such regions as vagina and bladder not only decline an individual’s control over urine, but also affect the sexual life of the individual. Tumors in the muscles are also a great source of pain. Owing to this, many patients interpret the muscle tumors as injuries. Treatment Treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma is complicated. It requires mutual effort of several nurses, doctors, and physicians. The most effective treatment option is worked out jointly by the pediatric oncologists, oncology nurses, surgeons, and radiation oncologists. â€Å"

Christmas and Chinese New Year Festival | Comparison

Christmas and Chinese New Year Festival | Comparison After researching both Christmas and the Chinese New Year Festival, interesting similarities between the two unique celebrations came into fruition. For instance, both contain traditional meals, presents, feasts, decorations, songs, poems, God(s), folk lore, and are family oriented occasions. When discovering similarities, there were also perceptible differences between the two, such as the time of year, and the significance of the occasion within their respective cultures. This paper will be showcasing both Christmas, and the Chinese New Year Festival in terms of their origins, as well as the similarities and differences they both share. Christmas is a religious celebratory holiday, which embraces the birth of Jesus Christ. Christmas Eve takes place on December 24th, the day before Jesus Christ is born. This is the day where family members gather for a festive meal, which in North America, usually consists of a large turkey, mashed potatoes, stuffing, vegetables, gravy and wine. It is significant to know that different cultures may eat different meals. According to Wikipedia.org, â€Å"In Poland, traditional Christmas Eve meals include one or more of the following foods: Golabki filled with Kasza, Pierogi, Borscht, fish soup, carp, and pickled Herring. Krupnik is sometimes drunk after dinner,†[1] and â€Å"In the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria, a coin is concealed in a bread loaf and the host breaks a piece of the loaf at the dinner table for each member of the household: it is believed that the one who gets the piece of bread with the coin will be fortunate in the forthcoming year. The dinner is accordin g to the rules of fasting: fish, baked beans, sauerkraut, walnuts and red wine are common. The dessert may consist of apples and dried fruits: plums, dates, figs. The table is usually not cleared after the dinner and until the next morning, to leave some food for the holly spirits a custom which probably comes from pagan pre-Christian times.†[2] Also, there are many families whom may attend mass or choose to â€Å"divine fast†[3]on this day, as a means to celebrate on the night before Jesus birth. It is important to know that non-religious individuals may also celebrate Christmas as well, whom primarily focus on the family, feasting, and gift giving aspect of Christmas. Some may view Santa Claus, a mythological figure, to be more important than Jesus Christ. Santa Claus is known for travelling across the world on December 24th, from the North Pole, delivering presents to the â€Å"nice† children, while the â€Å"naughty† children receive a lump of coal. H ence, Santas list for delivering gifts to children is called the â€Å"naughty or nice list.† Santa Clause originates from â€Å"St. Nicholas, whom tried to help others while inspiring his virtues. Legends of his unselfish giving spread all over Northern Europe, and accounts of his heroic deeds blended with regional folklore. Eventually, the image of the stately saint was transformed onto an almost mystical being, one known for rewarding the good and punishing the bad.†[4] How Santa Clauss name came to be in North America was due to Dutch immigrants whom â€Å"presented Sinterklaas (meaning St. Nicholas) to the colonies. In their excitement, many English-speaking children uttered the name so quickly that Sinterklaas sounded like Santy Claus. After years of mispronunciation, the name evolved into Santa Claus.†[5] December 25th is the day where Jesus Christ, known to many Christians as their savior, is born. This is the day where a few individuals will put up nume rous decorations, although many will decorate in advance. Examples of decorations used for Christmas are; miniature size nativity scene figures, stockings, wreaths, ornaments, candles, mistletoes, garlands, poinsettias, Christmas lights and most importantly, the Christmas tree. â€Å"The origin of the tree is credited to Saint Boniface (circa 722) who stopped a child from becoming a human sacrifice to a pagan god by striking down the oak tree destined for use as the stake. A fir tree sprang up in its place and he declared it a holy tree and instructed the faithful to carry one to their homes and surround it with love and gifts.†[6] Ultimately, the blending of numerous cultures is how Santa Claus, as well as the numerous traditions on Christmas Eve and Day, came to be. The Chinese New Year Festival is a major holiday, which has been celebrated in mainland China for many centuries, taking place on â€Å"the second New Moon after the winter solstice.†[7] It is significant to know that this festival is also celebrated in other countries by its Chinese inhabitants, while various foreigners have been known to participate in the festivities as well. During this coming year, 2010, the Chinese will be celebrating the year of the tiger, the first day being on February 14th. â€Å"According to tales and legends, the beginning of Chinese New Year started with the fight against a mythical beast called the Nien (Chinese: ?;pinyin: nià ¡n). Nien would come on the first day of New Year to devour livestock, crops, and even villagers, especially children. To protect themselves, the villagers would put food in front of their doors at the beginning of every year.†[8] The Chinese not only used food as a means to protect themselves from Nian, but they al so released firecrackers, and wore red attire. Hence, the color red is strongly used throughout the festival, such as clothing, decorations, envelopes, sweets, gifts, etc. When families come together, they will feast on meat, noodles, rice, dumplings, mandarin oranges, sweets, and so forth. Before the feast, which takes place on the Eve of Chinese New Year, red envelopes with money inside and gifts should have already been distributed amongst family members, and children. The Chinese New Year consists of fifteen days, with the majority of the days each signifying different customs and actions. For instance, â€Å"The first day of the Lunar New Year is â€Å"the welcoming of the gods of the heavens and earth.† Many people abstain from meat on the first day of the new year because it is believed that this will ensure long and happy lives for them,†[9] â€Å"The fifth day is called Po Woo. On that day people stay home to welcome the God of Wealth. No one visits families and friends on the fifth day because it will bring both parties bad luck,†[10] â€Å"the seventh day of the New Year is the day for farmers to display their produce. These farmers make a drink from seven types of vegetables to celebrate the occasion. The seventh day is also considered the birthday of human beings. Noodles are eaten to promote longevity and raw fish for success,†[11] and on â€Å"the 10th through the 12th are days that friends and relatives should be invited for dinner. After so much rich food, on the 13th day you should have simple rice congee and mustard greens (choi sum) to cleanse the system.†[12] These are just a few of the customs that the Chinese celebrate throughout their New Year Festival. â€Å"It is also the tradition that every family thoroughly cleans the house to sweep away any ill-fortune in hopes to make way for good incoming luck. Windows and doors will be decorated with red color paper-cuts and couplets with popular themes of â €Å"happiness†, â€Å"wealth†, and â€Å"longevity†.†[13] Decorations are usually red, consisting of pictures, greetings, and Chinese idioms. On the fifteenth and final day of the Chinese New Year Festival, the Lantern Festival takes place. During this period, numerous individuals decorate the streets with Lanterns they have lit, which are primarily red. Some people may add their own unique individuality to a lantern, by adding a song or a poem to it. The Chinese New Year Festival is a high-spirited, content time where family and friends come together in order to celebrate years of tradition, such as feasts, decorations, gifts, envelopes, mythology, fortune gods, national pride, etc. It is also an influential festival that has spread across the world, blending in with copious cultures. It is fascinating to learn that Christmas and the Chinese New Year have actual similarities, with slight variations to them. For instance, the use of flowers is strongly used in both celebrations, although the Chinese convention for flowers has a more significant meaning within their culture. A certain flower can symbolize different connotations, for instance, longevity, luck, prosperity, tranquility, health, etc. The Chinese are known for using many different flowers for the Chinese New Year Festival, such as pussy willows, plum blossoms, water lilies, bamboo, and so forth. For example, the reason for using pussy willows for the Chinese New Year is â€Å"In Cantonese, â€Å"Yin Liu† sounds like â€Å"Yin Lou† which is similar to â€Å"Yin Liang† (money). Therefore, having this plant around during Chinese New Year would represent the invitation of abundant luck and prosperity into homes.†[14] As for western cultures, when celebrating Christmas, individuals use flowers mostly as decorations. It is principal to know, that there is an origin story of how the poinsettia became the official flower for Christmas. â€Å"The poinsettia is a shrub that features green leaves combined with red, white, or pink leaves surrounding tiny yellow flowers. Used by the Aztecs as a dye and medicine, it is native to Mexico and Central America where it is known as â€Å"Flores de Noche Buena† (Flower of the Holy Night) and was used in these areas by Franciscan friars in Nativity processions as early as the 17th century.†[15] In terms of sweets and baked goods, sticky cake and Christmas cake closely resemble one another. Sticky cake, also known as Neen Gow, is a fruitcake that can be either steamed or baked. This particular cake is made in appreciation for the kitchen god. The Christmas cake started out as porridge from the English, evolving over the past couple of centuries into a fruit cake. The ingredients usually consist of eggs, flour, su gar, butter, marzipan, spices, dried fruit, spices, and whisky. â€Å"All Christmas cakes are made in advance. Many make them in November, keeping the cake upside down in an airtight container. A small amount of brandy, sherry or whisky is poured into holes in the cake every week until Christmas. This process is called â€Å"feeding† the cake.†[16]Both celebrations are also known for the process of giving and receiving gifts to friends and/or relatives. For instance, during the Chinese New Year, individuals will give gifts, which â€Å"are usually brought when visiting friends or relatives at their homes. Common gifts include fruits (typically oranges, and never pears), cakes, biscuits, chocolates, candies, or some other small gift.†[17] Christmas gifts are also distributed, and some gifts can be similar to those that are given on the Chinese New Year, but Christmas gifts usually consist from a large variety of options. For example, food, alcohol, jewelry, elect ronics, toys, household appliances, automobiles, etc. Christmas and the Chinese New Year are both important celebratory occasions, which can bring joy and anticipation amongst those whom celebrate these events. These are times when family, friends and even complete strangers, can come together in harmonious enthusiasm. Both events contain similarities, such as, folk lore, feasts, decorations, gifts, traditions, songs, poems, flowers, God(s), games, etc. Christmas, a westernized occasion, may contain different significance and symbolic meanings to those whom celebrate it rather than those whom celebrate the Chinese New Year. But, the most important thing about these two occasions, even with their differences, is they bring people together, and are both accepting towards all cultures and beliefs. Works Cited Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.wikipedia.org/chinesesnewyear Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.educ.uvic.ca/faculty/mroth/438/CHINA/taboos.html Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.ci.lenoir.nc.us/index.asp?Type=B_EVSEC=%7BF083A2AC-A24E-4B3B-8944-F912226F078D%7DDE=%7B817E6FA1-42C1-4B01-8A28-F0EF2477494F%7D Retrieved November 27, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.familyculture.com/holidays/chinese_new_year.htm (December.2, 2001)The Guide to Life, the Universe and Everything. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A665949 (February.8, 2007) Popular Chinese New Year Plants. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.nparks.gov.sg/blogs/garden_voices/index.php/2007/02/08/popular-chinese-new-year-plants/ Davis, John K. (November.10, 2009)The Origins of Traditional Holiday Plants. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://botany.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_origins_of_traditional_christmas_plants Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.nparks.gov.sg/blogs/garden_voices/index.php/2007/02/08/popular-chinese-new-year-plants/ Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://botany.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_origins_of_traditional_christmas_plants Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.northpolesantaclaus.com/santahistory.htm Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A665949 Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.chinapage.com/newyear.html Retrieved November 27, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve References Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.wikipedia.org/chinesesnewyear Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.educ.uvic.ca/faculty/mroth/438/CHINA/taboos.html Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.ci.lenoir.nc.us/index.asp?Type=B_EVSEC=%7BF083A2AC-A24E-4B3B-8944-F912226F078D%7DDE=%7B817E6FA1-42C1-4B01-8A28-F0EF2477494F%7D Retrieved November 27, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.familyculture.com/holidays/chinese_new_year.htm (December.2, 2001)The Guide to Life, the Universe and Everything. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A665949 (February.8, 2007) Popular Chinese New Year Plants. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.nparks.gov.sg/blogs/garden_voices/index.php/2007/02/08/popular-chinese-new-year-plants/ Davis, John K. (November.10, 2009)The Origins of Traditional Holiday Plants. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://botany.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_origins_of_traditional_christmas_plants Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.nparks.gov.sg/blogs/garden_voices/index.php/2007/02/08/popular-chinese-new-year-plants/ Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://botany.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_origins_of_traditional_christmas_plants Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.northpolesantaclaus.com/santahistory.htm Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A665949 Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.chinapage.com/newyear.html Retrieved November 27, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve Retrieved November 27,2009 from http://www.calendar-updates.com/info/holidays/us/christmaseve.aspx Retrieved November 27, 2009 from http://www.ornamentshop.com/history_story/part1.asp Retrieved November 27, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve Retrieved November 27, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve Retrieved November 27, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.northpolesantaclaus.com/santahistory.htm Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.northpolesantaclaus.com/santahistory.htm (December.2, 2001)The Guide to Life, the Universe and Everything. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A665949 Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.chinapage.com/newyear.html Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.wikipedia.org/chinesesnewyear Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.educ.uvic.ca/faculty/mroth/438/CHINA/taboos.html Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.educ.uvic.ca/faculty/mroth/438/CHINA/taboos.html Retrieved November.28 2009 from http://www.educ.uvic.ca/faculty/mroth/438/CHINA/taboos.html Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.educ.uvic.ca/faculty/mroth/438/CHINA/taboos.html Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.ci.lenoir.nc.us/index.asp?Type=B_EVSEC=%7BF083A2AC-A24E-4B3B-8944-F912226F078D%7DDE=%7B817E6FA1-42C1-4B01-8A28-F0EF2477494F%7D (February.8, 2007) Popular Chinese New Year Plants. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.nparks.gov.sg/blogs/garden_voices/index.php/2007/02/08/popular-chinese-new-year-plants/ Davis, John K. (November.10, 2009)The Origins of Traditional Holiday Plants. Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://botany.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_origins_of_traditional_christmas_plants Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://www.familyculture.com/holidays/chinese_new_year.htm Retrieved November.28, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_New_Year Gulf of Tonkin Incident: Military Investigation Gulf of Tonkin Incident: Military Investigation Military Intelligence Organizations Military Intelligence is a division of military the purpose of which is to exploit the number of information collected and analysis techniques in order to provide guidance and directions to commanders in support of the crucial decisions made by them. They do it by performing an analysis and assessment of the available data which they gathers from wide range of sources, guiding and directing the commanders to make decisions or respond to focused questions as part of their operational campaign. The collected information is first identified and then incorporated into the process of intelligence collection, analysis and dissemination. Military Intelligence Organizations have played their role in resolving conflicts in any nation. Discusses here is the Gulf of Tonkin Incident and the role of U.S. Military Intelligence Organizations to resolve it. The incident took place on August 2 4 1964 (Kim, 1999). This was the incident that helped the America’s involvement in Vietnam War. Gulf of Tonkin Incident Overview When President Lyndon b. took over charge of the country after the death of President John F. Kennedy, he became worried about the South Vietnam’s ability to keep away the Communist Viet Cong guerillas that were actively operating at that time in the country. In order to follow the established policy of containment, the Secretary of Defense at that time Robert McNamara started to increase the military aid to South Vietnam (Trueman, 2000). Many Norwegian built fast patrol boats (PTFs) were purchased and sent to South Vietnam. These PTFs helped in conducting a series of attacks on coastal areas of South Vietnam as part of Operation 34A. 34A was originally began by Central Intelligence Agency in 1961, it was a extremely classified program of the covert operations against North Vietnam. Due to several early failed attacks, in 1964 it was transferred to Military Assistance Command, Vietnam Studies and Observations Group, and the focus of it was shifted towards maritime operations. In due course of time, U.S. Navy was also instructed to conduct Desoto patrols off the North Vietnam. The Desoto Patrols consisted of the American warships cruising in international waters in order to conduct electronic surveillance operations (Shane, 2001). As a result of 34A and the Desoto Patrols, the ships offshore were made able to collect important information about the North Vietnamese Military capabilities. The First Attack On July 31, 1964 the destroyer USS Maddox conducted the Desoto Patrol off North Vietnam (Paterson, 2008). Under the operational command of Captain John J. Herrick, it steamed through the Gulf of Tonkin collecting intelligence information. This mission was accompanied by several 34A attacks including many big attacks on two islands of North Vietnam. The Government of North Vietnam decided to strike the USS Maddox and on August 2, three Soviet built P-4 Motor torpedo boats were dispatched to attack the destroyer. About twenty-eight miles cruising in international waters, the torpedo caught the USS Maddox. In the meanwhile, Herrick requested for air support from the U.S. Air Force. The request was granted and the four F-8 Crusaders were sent towards the Maddox position. Herrick also ordered to fire the three warning shots if the torpedo reaches a range of 10,000 yards of ship. These warning shots were fired and the P-4s launched their first torpedo attack. The Maddox scored fire on P-4s and was just being hit by one 14.5 millimeter machine gun bullet. Soon after fifteen minutes, the F- crusades arrived to rescue the Maddox and started hitting the targeted fires on North Vietnamese boats, damaging the two and leaving the third one dead in the waters. The attack was retreated and the Maddox returned to join its friends but the Desoto mission was continued as per orders of the commander in the Pacific. The Second Attack On August 4, the American radars, sonar and radio signals were received of another North Vietnam attacks. Taking evasive action, the U.S. Maddox fired on numerous radar signals targets. After this incident (Parados, 2004), Herrick was not sure that his ship was attacked by the North Vietnam. Reporting at 1:27 AM Washington times that due to freak weather, the radar and sonar signals did report some of the enemy ships but nothing has been visualized by the Maddox. After suggesting the complete evaluation of the affair conducted by the U.S military intelligence, Herrick radioed a request asking for a complete reconnaissance in daylight by the aircrafts. But the American aircrafts flying over the area failed to find out any North Vietnam ship. Although there were doubts about the second attack, those present on Maddox were convinced that the attack did happen. This along with the flawed signals intelligence from the National Security Agency led the forces to attack retaliatory airstrikes against North Vietnam. On August 5, the Operation Pierce Arrow saw aircrafts from USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation strike and attack about thirty North Vietnam vessels. Although the subsequent research and records prove that the second attack didn’t happen. This was also reinforced by the statements from the retired Vietnamese Defense Minister who admitted the August 2 attack but denied the second attack. After ordering the airstrikes, soon Johnson went on to address the nation on television regarding the incident. He in his address requested the passage of a resolution, which expresses the unity and determination of the United States in support of their freedom and in the hope to protect peace in the Southeast Asia (Cohen Solomon, 1994). He also argued that he didn’t want a wider war, and said that United States would continue to protect its national interests. As approved on August 6, 1964, the Southeast Asia (Gulf of Tonkin) Resolution, gave Johnson the power to use military intelligence and force in the region without requiring a declaration of war. Later on over the next few years, Johnson used this resolution to rapidly escalate the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Intelligence has fulfilled the wider ranging and very important functions in different section including security, diplomacy and statecraft (Augustin, 2009). However in past few years, the role of military intelligence in resolution of conflicts has expanded and broadened its range and now it forms the core element of conflict management policies and procedures. Ancient Greece is the first democracy in the world. It has established several institutions that served as intelligence services. Proxenia were the upper class citizens of Greece who served as top class agents. They used to collect information and even executed the assassinations if required. The Heralds collected the public and private information. Both were protected by the Law of Greece and only the Heralds used to get the rewards of bringing good news back to the nation. Greece impressive political and military achievements really lacked the true intelligence system like today. Although they didn’t have the proper intelligence system like today but still they had the intelligence cycle existed in their military endeavors. The two major requirements of intelligence services are democratic control and the effectiveness of the actions and activities (Augustin, 2009). African countries always had difficulties in managing and creating the solid intelligence systems. The territory of the Sahara Dessert is always problematic so the military intelligence related to that area is restricted. In 1997, the African countries created a security sector reform whose purpose was to try and narrow the challenges and constraints of developing a proper military intelligence system in the area. The main challenges that African countries are facing these days include the legacy of the African socialism and colonialism, autocratic military and security services and the unknown and informal activities of the military intelligence services. Gambia established the National Intelligence Agency in order to protect the regime. The unsuccessful attempts of Eisenhower and Kennedy to remove Castro from the power are considered as the failed military intelligence actions (Augustin, 2009). According to them the biggest threat to democracy is the communism. In Cuba, the America supported the Batista leading anti-communist government. After Castro being elected to power, he started quickly eliminating his enemies. And started to nationalize the economy and created knots with the USSR. His actions made it clear by 1960 that he was following the communism path for the Cuba. Eisenhower tried to remove the Castro from power by training Anti-Castro forces and sneaking them into Cuba. They began to target the Cuban sugar fields and the CIA developed an assassination program to eliminate Castro. Although such attempts were failed again and again, Kennedy tried to invade the Cuba by the Bay of Pigs operation but that was again a failure. This was all due to the strong military intelligence of Castro which saved him from all the American attacks. The Shah of Iran has a weak legitimacy and had lot of enemies (Augustin, 2009), ], so to overcome them in 1957, he formed the SAVAK, a national intelligence and security organization. The SAVAK served a tool to torture and eliminated anyone who could prove as a threat to the Shah and his dynasty. No open opposition was allowed against the institution in Iran during Shah Regime, but with the passage of time the resistance of people became worst. Khomeini got exiled to Iraq and then to France because of his increasing popularity and threat to his life. In 1977, censorship law was introduced in Iran in order to retain the Shah’s power but due to his detachment from the public, the public dismissed him and Khomeini came to power after the over throw of the Shah of Iran .In 1980 under the rule of Reagan (Augustin, 2009), The U.S. Intelligence Community realized a need for more intense intervention in Central America in order to stop the communist expansion. El Salvador’s mil itary government was the only potential barrier against the communism in the Central America. The DIA also tried to help the government of El Salvador to assist them fight against the leftist group called as FMLN. The DIA worked and operated with the direct military intelligence information sharing and between 1987 to 1989 a guerilla attack was made by the FMLN which surprised the El Salvador and the American armies. This also showed that how little the U.S support helped. Over all the defense of the El Salvador is considered as the failure in the history of the U.S. military intelligence. Intelligence is basically the sociological phenomenon that is used for the information gathering and to ensure the prevention of hostility (Augustin, 2009). It is important to differentiate between the intelligence that has been existed in any nation and the intelligence that is established as a result of state concept. Intelligence cycle, covert actions and counter intelligence are all the components necessary for decision making process. Intelligence focuses on the hostility both in democracies and non-democracies tenures. Intelligence in democratic system must have strong relations with the citizens and must work under a legal framework. The functions and scope of working of intelligence agencies must be clarified and their methods of working and sources of information must be protected. However intelligence in the non-democratic system concentrates more on internal opposition rather than external threats. So the intelligence is outside of the scope of legal framework in non-democ ratic system while intelligence in democracies should only be used to measure level of democracy in the country. In 1960, the Egyptian forces entered in Sinai which was a big surprise to Israel (Augustin, 2009). The IDF couldn’t respond in time and it lead to the result that intelligence was needed for an earlier warning of possible Egyptian attack. The methods or tools for an earlier warning were HUMINT, the SIGINT and the VISINT. The 1960 rotten affair and the 1973 Vom Kippur war failure show failure of the intelligence system and a need for strong intelligence system. References [1] Sankt Augustin (2009), Intelligence and Democracies in Conflict and Peace, retrieved from,  http://www.kas.de/israel/en/publications/18450/ [2] Tom Kim (1999), The Gulf of Tonkin Incident 1964, retrieved from,  http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/usa/GulfTonkin.html [3] Chris Trueman (2000), Gulf of Tonkin 1964, retrieved from  http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/gulf_tonkin_1964.htm [4] Scot Shane (2001), The Gulf of Tonkin Incident, retrieved from  http://911review.com/precedent/century/tonkin.html [5] Lieutenant Commander Pat Paterson, U.S. Navy (2008), The Truth about Tonkin, retrieved from  http://www.usni.org/magazines/navalhistory/2008-02/truth-about-tonkin [6]  John Parados (2004), The Gulf of Tonkin Incident, 40 Years later, retrieved from  http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB132/ [7] Jeff Cohen and Norman Solomon (1994), 30-Years anniversary, Tonkin Gulf Lie Launched Vietnam War, retrieved from  http://fair.org/media-beat-column/30-year-anniversary-tonkin-gulf-lie-launched-vietnam-war/